Common Materials in Prototyping: ABS, PC, POM, & PA

There are quite a lot of plastic material in prototype industry. But there are 4 material that mostly use and we would like to introduce they applications.

1. ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene)

• Key Properties: Tough, impact-resistant, lightweight, and easy to machine/3D print.

• Common Applications:

• Consumer electronics (e.g., housings for phones, keyboards, and toys like LEGO bricks).

• Automotive prototypes (dashboards, trim components).

• Functional prototypes requiring durability and post-processing (sanding, painting).

2. PC (Polycarbonate)

• Key Properties: High strength, transparency, heat resistance, and UV stability.

• Common Applications:

• Optical components (lenses, transparent covers).

• Medical devices (surgical instruments, housings).

• Aerospace/automotive (headlight covers, bullet-resistant windows in prototypes).

• Electronics (phone cases, transparent display prototypes).

3. POM (Polyoxymethylene, Acetal)

• Key Properties: Low friction, high stiffness, excellent wear resistance.

• Common Applications:

• Precision mechanical parts (gears, bearings, sliders).

• Industrial prototypes (conveyor components, hinges).

• Fluid systems (valves, pump parts due to chemical resistance).

4. PA (Polyamide/Nylon)

• Key Properties: High strength, flexibility, abrasion resistance, and thermal stability.

• Common Applications:

• Functional prototypes (hinges, snap-fit assemblies).

• Wear-resistant parts (bushings, rollers).

• Textile/robotics (flexible joints, cable ties).

• 3D printing (via SLS or MJF for complex, durable components).

Summary

• ABS: General-purpose prototyping with good balance of strength and aesthetics.

• PC: High-performance, transparent, or heat-resistant applications.

• POM: Precision mechanical parts requiring low friction.

• PA: Durable, flexible components for demanding environments.

These materials are chosen based on functional requirements, cost, and manufacturing methods (CNC machining, 3D printing, or injection molding prototypes).